监狱“妥协执法”的危害性剖析

监狱是社会文明进步的一个窗口 ,监狱行刑是刑事司法的一个重要环节和实现司法公正的实践保障 ,由于种种原因造成监狱行刑中的“妥协执法”现象危害深重 ,了解其表现、追索其根源和治理的对策意义重大。     

税源管理的必要性及对策

税源管理是税收征管的基础。加强税源管理是现行经济制度的客观需要；是税收自我完善的需要；是依法治税的需要。加强税源管理的对策包括加强基础建设，完善税源管理的手段和方法；加强部门配合，做好协税护税工作；优化纳税服务，提高纳税人遵从意识；推行税务行政执法责任制；规范政府的行为。     

谈公安情报信息源建设

情报信息源是产生情报信息的源泉，是情报信息内容所反映的物质和事物状态本身。公安情报信息工作是公安机关决策的“源”，是各级领导管理决策的参谋。当前，公安情报信息源建设还存在情报信息类型单一，未能充分发掘各种情报信息资源等问题。因此，需加强公安科技信息资源建设及其方法的研究，注重公开途径信息源的发掘。     

先秦巴蜀地区百濮和氐羌的来源

先秦巴蜀地区各族,除巴、蜀两族外,主要为百濮和氐羌两大民族系统。巴蜀地区的百濮,多为商周时代即已在当地定居的族群,也有春秋时代从江汉地区迁徙而来的濮人支系,主要分布在四川盆地、四川西南和四川东部。巴蜀地区的氐羌民族系统至少在夏商时代就已出现,主要分布在川西高原。     

中止犯及相关问题初探

中止犯作为一种特殊、复杂的犯罪形态,一直是理论聚讼的焦点。实践中,有两个问题值得探索。一是行为如果发生在内部关系错综复杂的共同犯罪中,其犯罪中止的有效性如何把握？二是在犯罪人已完成了危险犯的实行行为,但实害犯的犯罪结果并未发生。在此情况下,犯罪人自动采取措施,并且有效地防止了犯罪结果的出现,其性质应如果认定,是构成危险犯的既遂,还是构成犯罪中止？若构成犯罪中止又是构成危险犯的中止还是实害犯的中止？     

对控制危险废物越境转移法律制度的思考

本文分析了危险废物越境转移的原因及其对环境的危害 ,叙述了控制危险废物越境转移的法律框架 ,并指出了当前存在的一些主要问题 ,进而相应地从完善法律体系、负担加诸出口国、落实共同但有区别的责任原则、设立一个专门机构等方面提出了对策。     

Simultaneous detection and image capture of biological evidence using a combined 360° camera system with single wavelength laser illumination

Forensic investigators frequently utilise light sources to detect and presumptively identify biological evidence. The instrumentation typically deploys single or multiple wavelength exposures at various intensities, which interact with constituents of biological material, initiating fluorescence or improving contrast between the material and substrate. Documentation using sketches and/or photographic approaches follows detection, which are essential for scene reconstruction. Recent research has demonstrated the simultaneous detection and capture of biological evidence using a 360° camera system combined with an alternate light source exhibiting broad wavelength ranges of light. Single wavelength light sources reportedly offer enhanced sensitivity, due to the increased light intensity and narrower bandwidth of light, although their combined use with a 360° camera system has not yet been explored.Samples of human blood, semen, saliva, and latent fingermarks were deposited on to a variety of substrates. A 360° camera system combined with a laser light source was used to detect and capture the samples. Ten participants were asked to detect the samples on images of the substrates without ground truth knowledge. It was possible to detect and capture biological evidence, although success varied according to substrate colour and light intensity. Advantageously, presumptive screening for biological fluids and the simultaneous location and visualisation of such evidence as part of a 360° panorama of the scene for contextual purposes was permitted. There was no fluorescent response from the fingermarks, although the oblique lighting effects appeared sufficient to aid mark detection in some circumstances. The use of single wavelength illumination clearly facilitates identification of a range of forensically important material. When coupled with a 360-degree camera, this allows for simultaneous identification and recording of such evidence in the context of the whole environment.     

醉酒驾车肇事行为之定性研究——以孙××醉驾肇事案为例的分析

本文以孙××醉驾肇事案为切入点,对醉酒驾车肇事行为的性质作了深入探讨。通过比较分析交通肇事罪和以危险方法危害公共安全罪的界限,认为醉酒驾车肇事行为应认定为交通肇事罪,而不是以危险方法危害公共安全罪。通过对孙××醉驾肇事案的分析,主张只有通过完善交通肇事罪的有关规定,才能有效治理醉酒驾车肇事案件。     

Elite communication and affective polarization among voters

How does elite communication influence affective polarization between partisan groups? Drawing on the literature on partisan source cues, we expect that communication from in- or outgroup party representatives will increase affective polarization. We argue that polarized social identities are reinforced by partisan source cues, which bias perceptions of elite communication and result in increased intergroup differentiation. Further, we expect that the effect of such source cues is greater for voters with stronger partisan affinities. To evaluate our hypotheses, we performed a survey experiment among about 1300 voters in Sweden. Our analyses show that individuals who received a factual political message with a source cue from an in- or outgroup representative exhibited higher affective polarization, especially when they already held strong partisan affinities. This suggests that political elites can increase affective polarization by reinforcing existing group identities, and that this occurs in conjunction with biased interpretation of elite communication. The results improve our understanding of how political elites can influence affective polarization and add to previous research on party cues and attitude formation by demonstrating that such source cues can also increase intergroup differentiation.     

Illuminating the benefits and limitations of forensic light sources

Forensic light sources, such as a Crime-lite, are used in forensic laboratories and by police staff in the examination for, and detection of, biological material. Whilst the benefits of using forensic light sources are relatively well understood, their limitations are less-so. This report details the outcome of studies, validation and review by three forensic laboratories, as well as three case examples, to highlight both the strengths and weaknesses of the tested forensic light sources and to demonstrate that, whilst a useful preliminary screening tool, they should not be used in isolation without subsequent presumptive chemical testing. False positives and negatives are common, and the background substrate and specific biological material present can have a significant effect on the outcome of examination when using a forensic light source.